Baba and America Essay Example

Baba and America Essay All through The Kite sprinter Babas character is depicted as that of a man used to having the regard of others and somebody who has solid convictions and beliefs that don't generally concur with people around him. In the wake of setting up a shelter around, something that picks up him yet more regard, he advises Amir to Piss on the whiskers on those self-important monkeys. Baba is alluding to the Islamic educators in Amirs school and we can see that Baba is his very own lot man, not someone who enjoys the possibility of there being an option that could be more noteworthy than him.As a peruser, we see Babas character through Amirs eyes and his solid assessments demonstrate him to be someone who follows his own ethics, implying that he isn't a sheep inside the Afghanistan culture and doesn't effectively capitulate to weight of people around him. This character depiction implies that perusers consider Baba to be just about a progressive in some sense; despite the fact that he is wealthy and very much regarded he isn't terrified to impart insights which usually are not in concurrence with individuals who have a comparative status in the public arena to him. This depiction is significant in the novel since it permits us to accept the initial segment of Amirs proclamation in part 11, that Baba cherished the possibility of America. As the novel advances through Amirs youth we can see the intrigue of American culture on a character like Baba, a general public not grounded by religion and obliviousness, a culture of opportunity. Baba adores the possibility of not being controlled by the way of life around him however as the novel demonstrates, really living in America is incredibly hard for him.By part 11 it is reasonable to perusers why living in America could of given Baba a ulcer due to who he was in Afghanistan. The tale delineates him as an extremely effective individual, who was consistently at the focal point of consideration. At parties, when each of the six-foo t-five of him roared into the room, consideration moved to him like sunflowers going to the sun to the sun gives us Babas position is society and in this way permits perusers to ponder what he needs to lose. With their transition to America we see Baba lose everything that he has ever held in significance in his life. From being in a high situation in Afghanistan, with riches and regard, Baba went from a someone in his national nation to no one important in America. Albeit American culture is seen as a place where there is the free, the truth of moving to America was that Baba wound up more regrettable off, the status and cash he had once experienced was lost always during that venture from Afghanistan to America.The San Jose swap meet which Baba and Amir visit on Sundays to sell knickknacks represents Babas sentiment of character misfortune in America. The market inspires recollections of who he used to be grinding away speaks to Afghanistan culture on an infinitesimal level. Tea, Politics and embarrassment, the elements of an Afghan Sunday at the swap meet features Babas requirement for Afghanistan culture since his transition to America has brought about lost personality. In spite of the fact that as a resident of Afghanistan he had regard for American culture, the novel discloses that moving to another nation after you have just made a real existence in another is troublesome. This is the reason for Amir the move is a constructive one, not at all like Baba he was not a fruitful individual in Afghanistan along these lines he can adjust and make another life in America.In end, the novel clarifies the announcement Baba adored the possibility of America. It was living in America that gave him a ulcer by delineating Baba as an individual who was more subject to Afghanistan and its way of life than he originally accepted. It is conceivable Baba experienced an exemplary situation where he didn't understand what he had before he lost it, despite the fact that he w as continually discovering issues with Afghanistan culture he was as yet a piece of it and he owed the regard and riches he had gathered to Afghanistan. The image of America as a place where there is the free was tempting for Baba since it was so not quite the same as Afghanistan culture, however as Baba later acknowledged change isnt consistently generally advantageous.

More Answers to Questions About Commas

More Answers to Questions About Commas More Answers to Questions About Commas More Answers to Questions About Commas By Mark Nichol Here are a couple of inquiries I have gotten as of late about inclusion or oversight of commas. 1. When there are two basic provisions, as in â€Å"In certainty, keeping that in mind, let’s try sincerely as a team,† I’m pondering whether a comma ought to follow â€Å"to that end† or in the case of including another comma so near the one after â€Å"In fact† looks jumbled. I would hold the subsequent comma, since I would hold it if â€Å"In fact† were discarded, and I like to be steady. The decision involves inclination between open (less) and close (more) accentuation, and I accept that nearby accentuation is increasingly helpful for clearness and smooth perusing. (In any case, you may likewise consider whether â€Å"in fact† is, truth be told, important. It is unnecessary as I simply utilized it, and despite the fact that I don’t know the setting of the previous sentence(s) in the source material, it’s likely unessential in the announcement you gave, as well.) 2. I’m never sure when to utilize a comma before in light of the fact that and when not to. I’ve read different clarifications however am as yet confounded. Would it be precise as a general guideline to overlook a comma when the word just can be embedded before in light of the fact that without changing the importance? In your model, the change would peruse, â€Å"The show will be deferred until Tuesday [only] in view of the danger of Tropical Storm Isaac currently weighing down on Florida.† If the sentence is still evident with just embedded, at that point discard a comma before on the grounds that accomplishes this work as a general guideline? In a sentence built like the model above, when the action word state (â€Å"will be delayed†) isn't discredited, a comma is discarded paying little mind to the nearness or nonattendance of as it were. It is required, be that as it may, in â€Å"The show won't start on Monday, due to the danger of Tropical Storm Isaac† (which is better sorted out as follows: â€Å"Because of the danger of Tropical Storm Isaac, the show won't start on Monday†). The nonappearance of a comma in â€Å"The show won't start on Monday on account of the danger of Tropical Storm Isaac† welcomes the peruser to ask, â€Å"Why, at that point, will it start on Monday?† This inquiry, clearly, doesn't mirror the significance planned. Another Daily Writing Tips peruser gave this reference from The American Heritage Guide to Contemporary Usage and Style: â€Å"When on the grounds that follows a refuted action word express, it must be gone before by a comma when the on the grounds that statement clarifies why the occasion did [or will] not take place.† 3. I’ve for the most part been utilizing a comma before then in a sentence, yet I discover places it doesn’t sound like it’s required. At the point when I did an inquiry on the web, I found that individuals have various feelings. Does it truly make a difference? Should it be possible whichever way for style, or does there consistently need to be a comma before it? In a â€Å"if . . . then† articulation, a comma going before then is important: â€Å"If I concur, at that point she’ll be happy.† If the comma is erased, at that point may appear, in any event at first, to allude to time (identical to â€Å"If I concur around then, instead of at some other point, she’ll be happy†), along these lines, for clearness, embed the comma. Note, nonetheless, that a â€Å"if . . . then† explanation doesn’t fundamentally require at that point. The second sentence in this section has that structure however needs at that point (with the exception of alluding to the word as a word, which doesn’t check). The example sentence could be composed, â€Å"If I concur, she’ll be happy.† Here, as well, discarding the comma would make uncertainty: Someone perusing, â€Å"If I concur she’ll be happy† may start to expect that the author is agreeing that the other individual will be glad at later, and that the sentence is simply an early on state, just to find that no extra wording (for instance, â€Å"she’ll value that I share her opinion†) follows. In a sentence, for example, â€Å"I had some espresso, at that point set to work,† the comma is likewise required. In any case, in the event that a combination goes before, at that point (â€Å"I had some espresso and afterward set to work†), the comma is excluded in light of the fact that it is excess to the combination. At the point when at that point is utilized as an unequivocal filler (â€Å"What, at that point, is the point?†), however, the comma is obviously important as the second in a couple of accentuation denotes that section the incidental word. Composing that goes astray from these principles may even now be reasonable however maybe after conceivable introductory disarray yet it’s casual and doesn’t ponder well cautious scholars. Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin accepting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Punctuation class, check our well known posts, or pick a related post below:Punctuating â€Å"So† toward the Beginning of a SentenceProbable versus PossibleOppose and Opposed To

Book Riots Deals of the Day for March 12th, 2019

Book Riot’s Deals of the Day for March 12th, 2019 Sponsored by our Whats Up in YA Giveaway of a $100 gift card to Amazon! Enter here. These deals were active as of this writing, but may expire soon, so get them while they’re hot! Todays  Featured Deals Alif the Unseen: A Novel by G. Willow Wilson for $1.99.  Get it here, or just click on the cover image below. The River at Night by Erica Ferencik for $2.99.  Get it here, or just click on the cover image below. The Patriots: A Novel by Sana Krasikov for $1.99.  Get it here, or just click on the cover image below. In Case You Missed Yesterdays Most Popular Deals My Sister, the Serial Killer: A Novel by Oyinkan Braithwaite for $3.99.  Get it here, or just click on the cover image below. What Alice Forgot by Liane Moriarty for $1.99.  Get it here, or just click on the cover image below. Previous Daily Deals That Are Still Active As Of This Writing (Get em While Theyre hot!): When Breath Becomes Air by Paul Kalanithi for $1.99 The Ministry of Utmost Happiness  by  Arundhati Roy  for $2.99 Cabin At The End of the World by Paul Tremblay for $1.99 Six of Crows by Leigh Bardugo for $2.99. The Fifth Season by N. K. Jemisin for $2.99. See What I Have Done by Sarah Schmidt for $2.99. Sharp Objects by Gillian Flynn for $2.99. Batman: Nightwalker by Marie Lu for $1.99. This Is Where I Leave You: A Novel by Jonathan Tropper for $1.99. The Things We Wish Were True  by Marybeth Mayhew Whalen for $1.99 Thrice the Brinded Cat Hath Mewd: A Flavia de Luce Novel by Alan Bradley for $2.99 Looker: A Novel by Laura Sims for $1.99 The Color of Water by James McBride for $1.99 A Duke by Default  by Alyssa Cole  for $1.99 Record of a Spaceborn Few by Becky Chambers for $1.99 Queen Sugar: A Novel  by Natalie Baszile for $2.99 Nasty Women: Feminism, Resistance, and Revolution in Trumps America edited by Samhita Mukhopadhyay and Kate Harding for $3.99 Amberlough: Book 1 in the Amberlough Dossier by Lara Elena Donnelly for $2.99 The Vacationers by Emma Straub for $1.99 Last Week Tonight with John Oliver Presents a Day in the Life of Marlon Bundo by Marlon Bundo and EG Keller for $1.20 Cane by Jean Toomer for $2.78 Practical Magic by Alice Hoffman for $1.99 2666: A Novel by Roberto Bolaño for $1.99 Taste for Temptation  by Phyllis Bourne for $0.99 A Cupboard Full of Coats: A Novel by Yvvette Edwards for $1.99 Inheriting Edith: A Novel by Zoe Fishman for $1.99 The Vegetarian: A Novel by Han Kang for $1.99 Seabiscuit: An American Legend by Laura Hillenbrand for $2.99 Jonathan Strange and Mr Norrell by Susanna Clarke for $1.99 The Devil and the Deep: Horror Stories of the Sea by Ellen Datlow for $1.99 A Study in Charlotte (Charlotte Holmes Novel Book 1) by Brittany Cavallaro for $1.99 Like Trees, Walking by Ravi Howard for $1.99 The Future Is History: How Totalitarianism Reclaimed Russia by Masha Gessen for $1.99 The Hearts Invisible Furies by John Boyne for $1.99 Dinner in an Instant: 75 Modern Recipes for Your Pressure Cooker, Multicooker, and Instant Pot ® by Melissa Clark for $2.99 Wild Seed (The Patternist Series Book 1) by Octavia E. Butler for $1.99 Bad Girls Throughout History: 100 Remarkable Women Who Changed the World by Ann Shen for $1.20 The Keeper of Lost Causes: The First Department Q Novel by Jussi Adler-Olsen for $1.99 Calling My Name by Liara Tamani for $1.99 The Sun Does Shine: How I Found Life and Freedom on Death Row by Anthony Ray Hinton with Lara Love Hardin for $2.99 The Wave in the Mind: Talks and Essays on the Writer, the Reader, and the Imagination by Ursula K. Le Guin for $2.99 The Turner House by Angela Flournoy for $3.49 Long Black Veil by Jennifer Finney Boylan for $1.99 This Savage Song by Victoria Schwab for $1.99 The Haunting of Tram Car 015 by P. Djèlí Clark for $3.99 Star Trek Cats by Jenny Parks for $1.20 A Quiet Life in the Country by T E Kinsey for $3.99 A Thousand Splendid Suns by Khaled Hosseini for $1.99 Rooms: A Novel by Lauren Oliver for $1.99 An Unkindness of Ghosts by Rivers Solomon for $2.99 When They Call You a Terrorist: A Black Lives Matter Memoir by Patrisse Khan-Cullors and asha bandele for $2.99 Eloquent Rage: A Black Feminist Discovers Her Superpower by Brittney C. Cooper for $2.99 This Is Just My Face: Try Not to Stare by Gabourey Sidibe for $2.99 The Language of Thorns: Midnight Tales and Dangerous Magic  by Leigh Bardugo for $2.99 The Traitor Baru Cormorant by Seth Dickinson for $2.99 32 Candles: A Novel by Ernessa T. Carter for $1.99 This Will Be My Undoing: Living at the Intersection of Black, Female, and Feminist in (White) America by Morgan Jerkins for $1.99 Empire of Sand by Tasha Suri for $4.99 Life and Death in Shanghai by Nien Cheng for $4.99 Here Comes The Sun: A Novel  by Nicole Dennis-Benn for $3.99 The Sisters of the Winter Wood by Rena Rossner for $4.99 Binti  by Nnedi Okorafor for $3.99 Binti: Home  by Nnedi Okorafor for $3.99 Binti: The Night Masquerade by Nnedi Okorafor for $3.99 Instant Pot ®  Obsession: The Ultimate Electric Pressure Cooker Cookbook for Cooking Everything Fast by Janet A. Zimmerman for $0.99 Rosewater by Tade Thompson for $4.99 A Princess in Theory: Reluctant Royals by Alyssa Cole for $5.99 Tell the Truth Shame the Devil by Lezley McSpadden with Lyah Beth LeFlore for $0.99 Magic Bites by Ilona Andrews for $2.99 Once Ghosted, Twice Shy by Alyssa Cole for  $1.99 The End of Temperance Dare by Wendy Webb for  $1.99 Whatever Happened to Interracial Love? by Kathleen Collins for $3.99 In Search of Lost Time: Volumes 1-7  by Marcel Proust  for $0.99 Prime Meridian  by Silvia Moreno-Garcia for $3.99 The Mirror Empire by Kameron Hurley for $2.99 I Met a Traveller in an Antique Land  by Connie Willis for $0.99 On Tyranny by Timothy Snyder  for $3.99 Soy Sauce for Beginners by Kirstin Chen for $3.99 Silver Phoenix by Cindy Pon for $2.99 Dragonflight: Volume I in The Dragonriders of Pern by Anne McCaffrey for $2.99 A Curious Beginning by Deanna Raybourn for $2.99 George by Alex Gino for $3.99 Happy Dreams by Jia Pingwa, translated by Nicky Harman for $3.99 My Soul to Keep (African Immortals series) by Tananarive Due for $3.99 Destinys Captive by Beverly Jenkins for $1.99 Howls Moving Castle by Diana Wynne Jones for $3.99 A Rogue By Any Other Name by Sarah MacLean for $1.99 Half-Resurrection Blues by Daniel José Older for $2.99 Assassin’s Apprentice (The Farseer Trilogy, Book 1) by Robin Hobb for $2.99 The Invisible Library by Genevieve Cogman for $2.99 The Price of Salt by Patricia Highsmith for $0.99 Sign up for our Book Deals newsletter and get up to 80% off books you actually want to read.

Enrique Poverty And Oppression - 1245 Words

Enrique: Poverty and Oppression Enrique’s Journey focuses and sheds more light and understanding on the aspects and challenges of extreme poverty, family abandonment, systematic issues of an immigration system and what one has to go through in the face of adversity. The book centers on Enrique who starts out as a young boy living in extreme poverty in Honduras with his family. Enrique is an older adolescent, Hispanic, poverty economic status, unemployed most times, and is in a relationship with one child. This case study will further look at Enrique’s personal experiences from a young child up to young adulthood and how that has shaped his development has a person from coming from such difficult environmental circumstances. This will also look at the different environmental perspectives in the micro, mezzo and macro level when pertaining to effects on human behavior. Enrique’s conditions living in poverty as a young child through older adolescence had many neg ative effects on his family and his own emotional state. His family’s economic situation is what primarily led to Enrique’s mother leaving home to make money in the U.S. and help her family. Having to grow up and be raised by other family members instead of his own biological parents, played a significant part in his development as his dysfunctional and oppressive environment caused detrimental issues with trust in others and lack of love from his parents. Evans, Gonnella, Marcynyszyn, GentileShow MoreRelatedEnrique s Ecological Analysis And Analysis1721 Words   |  7 PagesEnrique’s Ecological Analysis Poverty can be defined as the condition where people basic need for shelter, food, and clothing are not being met. Whereas Jensen (2009 ) define poverty as a chronic and debilitating condition that results from multiple adverse synergistic risk factors and affect the mind, body and soul. Jensen (2009) has identified six types of poverty. The six types of poverty are situational, generational, absolute, relative, urban and rural poverty. Situational is caused by a suddenRead MoreEnriques Journey Essay1498 Words   |  6 PagesRepublicans and Democrats in the Senate have acted. I know that members of both parties in the House want to do the same† (President Obama, 2014). The United States of American has long been the safe haven for those who seek to escape poverty, hunger, torture, and oppression in their home countries. According to the film, The Other Side of Immigration (2009), in 1970, the United States housed 750,000 immigrants and as of 2009, there are roughly 12.4 mil lion (Germano, 2009). The amount of illegal immigrationRead MoreAgribusiness1410 Words   |  6 Pagesstates of developing countries according to the One World Nations page. The web page dictionary.com describes a third world country as â€Å"country is a country in which the predominant culture and society is made up of mostly minority groups and where poverty is abundant†. The only difference between a developing country and a third world country is the ability or the chance the country has to come up from the economic instability they are in. An example of a developing country is Mexico. Mexico has beenRead MoreCorruption And Voter Fraud : Mexico Is Not A Democracy?1791 Words   |  8 Pages1968 a student uprising prompted change it had been 39 straight years of PRI rule in Mexico at the time. These students were the children of more middle class Mexicans who were able to send their kids to universities. Soon they began to realize the oppression in the country and the la ck of respect the government had for the people. Instead of working on building a better economy and preventing independent labor unions they invested $150 million into the Olympic Games. Student protests were filling theRead More Nicaraguan Politics and Government Essay4652 Words   |  19 Pagesforeign investment in Nicaragua; this financial cooperation helped the country reach economic and social prosperity throughout the 1970’s. Due to the extent of the social inequality and amount of poverty that existed in the country, many believed that the economy was reaching an economic crisis. However, this poverty and social backwardness was not present because the country was approaching a crisis, but because of the economic growth. During the 1960’s and 1970’s the social and economic progress was moreRead MoreKatipunan3171 Words   |  13 PagesKatipunan, and he was ably supported by  Emilio Jacinto, who emerged as the Brains of the Katipunan. Philippine histor ians regard Bonifacio as the Great Plebeian because he came from a poor family in Tondo and worked as a warehouse clerk. Despite his poverty, Bonifacio was able to educate himself by reading the works of  Rizal  and the French revolutionists. Because of its brotherhood appeal, Katipunan was swift in recruiting members from the peasants and the working class. Philippine historian ReynaldoRead MoreThe Intellectual Life of Miguel Hidalgo Y Costilla4212 Words   |  17 Pagesdo family living on a grand estate. Orgon’s daughter Mariane is to marry Valà ¨re, a man whom she loves deeply and is loved the same in return. However, Tartuffe, a hypocrite posing as a religious dignitary who had lost his way and was living in poverty, has imposed himself on Orgon and his family. During his stay on the estate he aids Orgon with guidance while acting as his dearest friend. Tartuffe is so successful in doing so that Orgon is ready to break his promise to Valà ¨re for want of MarianeRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesincluded in a long twentieth century (and perhaps even if it is not), migration served as a mode of escape from oppression and poverty and, in many instances, as an avenue toward advancement for an unprecedented number of people that soared well into the hundreds of millions by century’s end. But for a clear majority of these migrants, movement was coerced by flight from war and oppression or was enticed by labor recruiters who preyed on the desperately poor. The prospects for the great majorityRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pages______ 1. Hasn’t Mr. Thompson been good enough for such a long time to prove he isn’t a bad person? 2. Every time someone escapes punishment for a crime, doesn’t that just encourage more crime? 3. Wouldn’t we be better off without prisons and the oppression of our legal system? 4. Has Mr. Thompson really paid his debt to society? 5. Would society be failing what Mr. Thompson should fairly expect? 6. What beneï ¬ t would prison be apart from society, especially for a charitable man? 7. How could anyone

Pictures and Profiles of Armored Dinosaurs

Women in Mathematics Free Essays

Women in Mathematics Every human is created with a gift of some sort. Whether it is an athletic ability, a wonderful singing voice, or an ability to relate to other individuals, every one has a special gifting. For many women in history, their ability was deciphering and understanding the intricacies of math. We will write a custom essay sample on Women in Mathematics or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although various cultures discouraged women mathematicians, these women were able to re-define the standards for women in this field of study. Hypatia of Alexandria was born in Roman Egypt and was the daughter of a teacher of mathematics, Theon of Alexandria. Hypatia studied with her father as well as with many other mathematicians. When she was older, she taught at the Neoplatonist school of philosophy. She wrote on mathematics, philosophy, as well as anatomy. Her studies covered the motion of the planets, conic sections, and number theory, which is â€Å"one of the oldest branches of pure mathematics, and one of the largest. It concerns questions about numbers, typically meaning whole numbers as well as rational numbers. Although little information about Hypatia survives, it has been discovered that she was a very popular lecturer that drew students from various locations. She is known for her invention of the plane astrolabe, which is an elaborate inclinometer with the ability to locate and predict the locations of the sun, moon, planets, and stars and the graduated brass hydrometer which was used to determine the relative density or specific gravity of liquids. Hypatia’s teachings were not accepted by the Christian bishop, Cyril due to her pagan beliefs. His public dislike towards her is said to have been the cause of the attack by a mob that lead to her death. Most of her work was destroyed when the library of Alexandria was burned by the Arab conquerors, however, her studies have been discovered through the work of others who quoted her as well as through letters. I believe Hypatia was one of the first inspirational women mathematicians. Despite the danger she knew she was facing, she chose to do what she enjoyed. Elena Cornaro Piscopia was born in 1646 in Venice into the family of a public official. Her father provided the means of education to his children. Elena was recognized as a child prodigy when she was seven years old by a parish priest. She then began to study theology, mathematics, Latin, Greek, and music. Clerics, royals, and scientists came to Venice to speak with her due to the widespread attraction of her achievements. As she grew older, Elena was the first woman to apply in theology at a university in Italy. She was also the first woman to earn a doctoral degree. After receiving her master’s and doctorate degrees in philosophy, she went on to become a lecturer in mathematics at the University of Padua until her death in 1684. Although she is not famous for discovering any particular math problem, she was very influential in her time and inspired many other women to pursue mathematics. Maria Agnesi was born in Italy in 1718 and was the daughter of Pietro Agnesi, a wealthy nobleman and professor of mathematics. Maria, like Elena, was recognized as a child prodigy and was taught five languages. Her father invited his colleagues over for Maria to present speeches to. By the age of 13 Maria was able to debate in French, Spanish, and Latin. Although Maria did not enjoy giving the speeches, she continued until the age of twenty. That year, Maria made a compilation of the speeches she had given over the years and published them in Latin. The title of the compilations in English is â€Å"Philosophical Propositions. † The topics included celestial mechanics, which refers to the branch of astronomy that deals with the motions of celestial objects and applies to the field of physics, Isaac Newton’s Gravitation Theory that states that any two objects in the universe exert gravitational attraction on each other, and elasticity. Maria’s father married twice after the death of her mother, causing her to be the eldest of 21 children. She was required to provide education to her siblings. Maria wrote a mathematics textbook over the course of ten years which was titled† Instituzioni Analitiche† which was published in 1748 in two volumes. The first volume contained information on algebra, arithmetic, trigonometry, analytic geometry, and calculus. The second covered infinite series and differential equations. Due to her ability to understand many languages, Maria was able to bring together various ideas from mathematicians of all cultures. The name â€Å"witch of Agnesi† refers to a mathematical problem of finding the equation for a certain bell-shaped curve which was named after her by English mathematician John Colson. When Maria’s father passed in 1752, Maria discontinued the education she had been providing to her siblings and devoted her life to helping the less fortunate. I found Maria’s story to be very admirable due to the extreme selflessness she possessed. Although she desired to further her mathematical studies, she spent a large portion of her life educating her younger siblings, and spent the remaining time devoted to the poor. Sophie Germain was born in France in 1776 and was the daughter of Ambroise-Francois Germain, who was a wealthy middle class silk merchant and a French politician. During Sophie’s childhood, the French Revolution was occurring, so Sophie was kept isolated from the chaos by staying in her home with her two sisters. She chose to pass the time by reading through the books in her father’s extended library. Sophie was particularly fond of the story of Archimedes of Syracuse who was killed while reading geometry. To see a man so captivated by a subject influenced her to pursue math. Sophie taught mathematics to herself in her native language as well as in Latin and Greek so as to be able to gain understanding from a wider range of mathematic books. Her family was not particularly fond of her studying, but she was so enthralled by mathematics that she studied at night until her family accepted what she loved. In eighteenth century France, women were not normally accepted into universities, however, Sophie was able to borrow the notes from mathematic professors and was able to send comments about the work to the professors by hiding behind the pseudonym of a male, â€Å"M. e Blanc. † Sophie Germain studied number theory and Chladni figures, which is a technique that shows the various modes of vibration of a rigid surface. Her study of these figures was the foundation to the mathematics used today when constructing skyscrapers. Her study of number theory lead to partial progress on Fermat’s Last Theorem, which states that if x, y, z, and n are integer s then xn + yn = zn cannot be solved for any n greater than 2. Sophie was able to show that for prime exponents less than 100, there could be no solutions relatively prime to the exponent of that number. After this work, she was accepted into sessions at the Institut de France and became the first woman with this privilege. She died in 1831 of breast cancer. I believe Sophie is inspirational due to her extreme intelligence by finding an addition to Fermat’s two-century’s old theorem. Had she not been diligent in pursuing mathematics although it was inconvenient, she would have never been presented the opportunity to impart such knowledge into history. Sonya Kovalevskaya was drawn to mathematics in a rather peculiar way. As a young child, born in 1850 in Russia, Sonya was mesmerized by the lecture notes of Mikhail Ostrogradsky on differential and integral calculus that made up the wallpaper of her family’s estate. Sonya’s father did not allow her to study mathematics abroad, and Russia did not allow women to attend the universities, thus Sonya was forced to find an alternative means of furthering her education. She entered into a marriage of convenience with Vladimir Kovalensky, and left Russia with him and her sister. Sonya went on to Heidelberg where she was granted permission to study at the university. Two years later, she went on to study mathematics with Karl Weierstrass who assisted her in pursuing a degree in mathematics. Sonya’s dissertation on partial differential equations, which refers to an equation that contains unknown multivariable functions and their partial derivatives, resulted in receiving a doctorate without having attended any class at the university and is today called the Cauch-Kovelevskaya Theorem. Sonya was also awarded with the Prix Bordin from the French Academie Royale des Sciences for her research over how Saturn’s rings rotated, now referred to as the Kovelevskaya top. She also was appointed to a chair at the Swedish Academy of Sciences- making her the first woman to receive this title. I believe her story is especially inspirational due to her ground-breaking achievements including titles and positions that had never been awarded to women before. All of these women pioneers of mathematics teach a very valuable lesson. The culture during the time of these five particular women did not accept the studies that these mathematicians longed to be educated in. Their extreme ability, or gifting, of solving problems and assembling theorems was not only widely unaccepted, it was also widely unappreciated. Even after the accomplishments of these women, their work is often undermined. In the midst of opposing forces telling them they should not, or even could not go into the field of mathematics, they believed in their ability enough to pursue it whole-heartedly and in return, they have left a legacy and have inspired women to fight what is culturally accepted to follow what is in your heart, and the things for which you have a particular talent in. Citations Lewis, Jone J. â€Å"Women in Mathematics  History. † About. com Women’s History. N. p. , n. d. Web. 10 Mar. 2013. Lewis, Jone J. â€Å"Hypatia Of Alexandria. † About. com Women’s History. N. p. , n. d. Web. 11 Mar. 2013. â€Å"11: Number Theory. † 11: Number Theory. Ed. Dave Rusin. N. p. , 02 July 2006. Web. 12 Mar. 2013. Swift, Amanda. â€Å"Sophie Germain. † Sophie Germain. N. p. , Apr. 1995. Web. 12 Mar. 2013. â€Å"Partial Differential Equation. † Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 14 Mar. 2013. Web. 12 Mar. 2013. How to cite Women in Mathematics, Essay examples

Women in Mathematics Free Essays

Women in Mathematics Every human is created with a gift of some sort. Whether it is an athletic ability, a wonderful singing voice, or an ability to relate to other individuals, every one has a special gifting. For many women in history, their ability was deciphering and understanding the intricacies of math. We will write a custom essay sample on Women in Mathematics or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although various cultures discouraged women mathematicians, these women were able to re-define the standards for women in this field of study. Hypatia of Alexandria was born in Roman Egypt and was the daughter of a teacher of mathematics, Theon of Alexandria. Hypatia studied with her father as well as with many other mathematicians. When she was older, she taught at the Neoplatonist school of philosophy. She wrote on mathematics, philosophy, as well as anatomy. Her studies covered the motion of the planets, conic sections, and number theory, which is â€Å"one of the oldest branches of pure mathematics, and one of the largest. It concerns questions about numbers, typically meaning whole numbers as well as rational numbers. Although little information about Hypatia survives, it has been discovered that she was a very popular lecturer that drew students from various locations. She is known for her invention of the plane astrolabe, which is an elaborate inclinometer with the ability to locate and predict the locations of the sun, moon, planets, and stars and the graduated brass hydrometer which was used to determine the relative density or specific gravity of liquids. Hypatia’s teachings were not accepted by the Christian bishop, Cyril due to her pagan beliefs. His public dislike towards her is said to have been the cause of the attack by a mob that lead to her death. Most of her work was destroyed when the library of Alexandria was burned by the Arab conquerors, however, her studies have been discovered through the work of others who quoted her as well as through letters. I believe Hypatia was one of the first inspirational women mathematicians. Despite the danger she knew she was facing, she chose to do what she enjoyed. Elena Cornaro Piscopia was born in 1646 in Venice into the family of a public official. Her father provided the means of education to his children. Elena was recognized as a child prodigy when she was seven years old by a parish priest. She then began to study theology, mathematics, Latin, Greek, and music. Clerics, royals, and scientists came to Venice to speak with her due to the widespread attraction of her achievements. As she grew older, Elena was the first woman to apply in theology at a university in Italy. She was also the first woman to earn a doctoral degree. After receiving her master’s and doctorate degrees in philosophy, she went on to become a lecturer in mathematics at the University of Padua until her death in 1684. Although she is not famous for discovering any particular math problem, she was very influential in her time and inspired many other women to pursue mathematics. Maria Agnesi was born in Italy in 1718 and was the daughter of Pietro Agnesi, a wealthy nobleman and professor of mathematics. Maria, like Elena, was recognized as a child prodigy and was taught five languages. Her father invited his colleagues over for Maria to present speeches to. By the age of 13 Maria was able to debate in French, Spanish, and Latin. Although Maria did not enjoy giving the speeches, she continued until the age of twenty. That year, Maria made a compilation of the speeches she had given over the years and published them in Latin. The title of the compilations in English is â€Å"Philosophical Propositions. † The topics included celestial mechanics, which refers to the branch of astronomy that deals with the motions of celestial objects and applies to the field of physics, Isaac Newton’s Gravitation Theory that states that any two objects in the universe exert gravitational attraction on each other, and elasticity. Maria’s father married twice after the death of her mother, causing her to be the eldest of 21 children. She was required to provide education to her siblings. Maria wrote a mathematics textbook over the course of ten years which was titled† Instituzioni Analitiche† which was published in 1748 in two volumes. The first volume contained information on algebra, arithmetic, trigonometry, analytic geometry, and calculus. The second covered infinite series and differential equations. Due to her ability to understand many languages, Maria was able to bring together various ideas from mathematicians of all cultures. The name â€Å"witch of Agnesi† refers to a mathematical problem of finding the equation for a certain bell-shaped curve which was named after her by English mathematician John Colson. When Maria’s father passed in 1752, Maria discontinued the education she had been providing to her siblings and devoted her life to helping the less fortunate. I found Maria’s story to be very admirable due to the extreme selflessness she possessed. Although she desired to further her mathematical studies, she spent a large portion of her life educating her younger siblings, and spent the remaining time devoted to the poor. Sophie Germain was born in France in 1776 and was the daughter of Ambroise-Francois Germain, who was a wealthy middle class silk merchant and a French politician. During Sophie’s childhood, the French Revolution was occurring, so Sophie was kept isolated from the chaos by staying in her home with her two sisters. She chose to pass the time by reading through the books in her father’s extended library. Sophie was particularly fond of the story of Archimedes of Syracuse who was killed while reading geometry. To see a man so captivated by a subject influenced her to pursue math. Sophie taught mathematics to herself in her native language as well as in Latin and Greek so as to be able to gain understanding from a wider range of mathematic books. Her family was not particularly fond of her studying, but she was so enthralled by mathematics that she studied at night until her family accepted what she loved. In eighteenth century France, women were not normally accepted into universities, however, Sophie was able to borrow the notes from mathematic professors and was able to send comments about the work to the professors by hiding behind the pseudonym of a male, â€Å"M. e Blanc. † Sophie Germain studied number theory and Chladni figures, which is a technique that shows the various modes of vibration of a rigid surface. Her study of these figures was the foundation to the mathematics used today when constructing skyscrapers. Her study of number theory lead to partial progress on Fermat’s Last Theorem, which states that if x, y, z, and n are integer s then xn + yn = zn cannot be solved for any n greater than 2. Sophie was able to show that for prime exponents less than 100, there could be no solutions relatively prime to the exponent of that number. After this work, she was accepted into sessions at the Institut de France and became the first woman with this privilege. She died in 1831 of breast cancer. I believe Sophie is inspirational due to her extreme intelligence by finding an addition to Fermat’s two-century’s old theorem. Had she not been diligent in pursuing mathematics although it was inconvenient, she would have never been presented the opportunity to impart such knowledge into history. Sonya Kovalevskaya was drawn to mathematics in a rather peculiar way. As a young child, born in 1850 in Russia, Sonya was mesmerized by the lecture notes of Mikhail Ostrogradsky on differential and integral calculus that made up the wallpaper of her family’s estate. Sonya’s father did not allow her to study mathematics abroad, and Russia did not allow women to attend the universities, thus Sonya was forced to find an alternative means of furthering her education. She entered into a marriage of convenience with Vladimir Kovalensky, and left Russia with him and her sister. Sonya went on to Heidelberg where she was granted permission to study at the university. Two years later, she went on to study mathematics with Karl Weierstrass who assisted her in pursuing a degree in mathematics. Sonya’s dissertation on partial differential equations, which refers to an equation that contains unknown multivariable functions and their partial derivatives, resulted in receiving a doctorate without having attended any class at the university and is today called the Cauch-Kovelevskaya Theorem. Sonya was also awarded with the Prix Bordin from the French Academie Royale des Sciences for her research over how Saturn’s rings rotated, now referred to as the Kovelevskaya top. She also was appointed to a chair at the Swedish Academy of Sciences- making her the first woman to receive this title. I believe her story is especially inspirational due to her ground-breaking achievements including titles and positions that had never been awarded to women before. All of these women pioneers of mathematics teach a very valuable lesson. The culture during the time of these five particular women did not accept the studies that these mathematicians longed to be educated in. Their extreme ability, or gifting, of solving problems and assembling theorems was not only widely unaccepted, it was also widely unappreciated. Even after the accomplishments of these women, their work is often undermined. In the midst of opposing forces telling them they should not, or even could not go into the field of mathematics, they believed in their ability enough to pursue it whole-heartedly and in return, they have left a legacy and have inspired women to fight what is culturally accepted to follow what is in your heart, and the things for which you have a particular talent in. Citations Lewis, Jone J. â€Å"Women in Mathematics  History. † About. com Women’s History. N. p. , n. d. Web. 10 Mar. 2013. Lewis, Jone J. â€Å"Hypatia Of Alexandria. † About. com Women’s History. N. p. , n. d. Web. 11 Mar. 2013. â€Å"11: Number Theory. † 11: Number Theory. Ed. Dave Rusin. N. p. , 02 July 2006. Web. 12 Mar. 2013. Swift, Amanda. â€Å"Sophie Germain. † Sophie Germain. N. p. , Apr. 1995. Web. 12 Mar. 2013. â€Å"Partial Differential Equation. † Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 14 Mar. 2013. Web. 12 Mar. 2013. How to cite Women in Mathematics, Essay examples

Robinson Crusoe and Mother Courage and Her Children free essay sample

This paper compares the novels Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe and Mother Courage and her Children by Bertolt Brecht. A comparison of Daniel Defoes Robinson Crusoe and Bertolt Brechts Mother Courage and her Children. In identifying similarities and differences, the author contrasts numerous topics including the role of supporting characters, political inclination, religion, historical tendencies and class structure in both novels. Often, a novel ages best as it serves to reveal facts about the historical time and place from which it originates. Particularly, periods that predate electronic recording methods such as photography, video and audio are most appealingly captured by works of fiction. Though characters and events may be fabricated, their respective interactions and occurrences are steeped in a world of the past, now only visible through narrative. While Daniel Defoes colorful and inspiring Robinson Crusoe bears little resemblance to Bertolt Brechts dark and despairing Mother Courage and Her Children, they are like-minded in their intent. We will write a custom essay sample on Robinson Crusoe and Mother Courage and Her Children or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And further, their intents are similarly influenced by the direct pressure of their works historical contexts.

Sisters free essay sample

Sisters have a bond that lasts their entire lives.They share every moment, from the most trivial to the most defining, of alifetime. My sister Tessa will always hold a special place in my heart, andnothing that may come our way can change that. My first memory of hersitting in a corner and drawing intently will never fade from my mind. My familyhad driven hours to the small, crowded orphanage to visit her. I can still seeher chubby little face, concentrating on the masterpiece she was working on whileother children raced around her. Adopting the three-year-old when I was seven wasone of the best things that has happened to me. Our first outing with herwas on a sultry day in monsoon season in Seoul, South Korea. The scents of freshrain and humid air are still in my mind. Sitting across from the tiny girl in acramped restaurant and watching her relish the Coke in front of her wasuncomfortable at first. We will write a custom essay sample on Sisters or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Worries of her not fitting into our family raced throughmy mind. What if she didnt like me? What if she was unhappy in her new home?When would she learn to speak English? These thoughts seemed to be answered when,after polishing off two sodas, the little girl began to hold her stomach andwhimper. My mother swooned over her and patted her back while my fatherfrantically tried to find someone who could translate her rushed words. I knew atthat moment everything would somehow work out in our new family. Sincethat sticky afternoon, my sister and I have come to have a very closerelationship. Our days of living overseas were filled with memories that onlyTessa can understand. She reminisces with me about the business dinners with ourdad aboard floating restaurants at dusk in Hong Kong. If I forget where it wasthat we rode the baby elephants around the hotel, she reminds me that it wasThiamin. We laugh about the time I was bitten by a poisonous ant in Singapore;she had to hold my hand while the ancient doctor gave me a shot. We share thememories of the extensive traveling we have been fortunate toexperience. We have also shared the bitter times that many teenagersendure. If one of us makes a wrong choice, the other is there to give advice orhelp out. Tess and I have counted on each other many times to explain why one wassuspiciously late coming home from the movies. The secrets weve shared have todo with growing into women, and sometimes parents cannot know the exact path wetake. There is nothing I wouldnt do for my sister, and I know she feels thesame. We used to make secret pacts, but we now have an unspoken loyalty thatneither dares betray. Sometimes secrets and experiences create an unshakable bondthat nothing else can.

Free Essays on AfricansAmericans In An America Civil War

Blacks and the Civil War The foundation for black participation in the Civil War began more than a hundred years before the outbreak of the war. Blacks in America had been in bondage since early colonial times. In 1776, when Jefferson proclaimed mankind’s unchallengeable right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, the institution of slavery had become firmly established in America. Blacks worked in the tobacco fields of Virginia, in the rice fields of South Carolina, and toiled in small farms and shops in the North. Foner and Mahoney report in A House Divided, America in the Age of Lincoln that, â€Å"In 1776, slaves composed forty percent of the population of the colonies from Maryland south to Georgia, but well below ten percent in the colonies to the North.† The invention of the cotton gin by Eli Whitney in 1793 provided a demand for cotton thus increasing the demand for slaves. By the 1800’s slavery was an institution throughout the South, an institution in which slaves had few rights, and could be sold or leased by their owners. They lacked any voice in the government and lived a life of hardship. Considering these circumstances, the slave population never abandoned the desire for freedom or the determination to resist control by the slave owners. The slave's reaction to this desire and determination resulted in outright rebellion and individual acts of defiance. However, historians place the strongest reaction in the enlisting of blacks in the war itself. Batty in The Divided Union: The Story of the Great American War, 1861-65, concur with Foner and Mahoney about the importance of outright rebellion in their analysis of the Nat Turner Rebellion, which took place in 1831. This revolt demonstrated that not all slaves were willing to accept this â€Å"institution of slavery† passively. Foner and Mahoney note that the significance of this uprising is found in its aftermath because of the numerous reports of â€Å"insubordina... Free Essays on AfricansAmericans In An America Civil War Free Essays on AfricansAmericans In An America Civil War Blacks and the Civil War The foundation for black participation in the Civil War began more than a hundred years before the outbreak of the war. Blacks in America had been in bondage since early colonial times. In 1776, when Jefferson proclaimed mankind’s unchallengeable right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, the institution of slavery had become firmly established in America. Blacks worked in the tobacco fields of Virginia, in the rice fields of South Carolina, and toiled in small farms and shops in the North. Foner and Mahoney report in A House Divided, America in the Age of Lincoln that, â€Å"In 1776, slaves composed forty percent of the population of the colonies from Maryland south to Georgia, but well below ten percent in the colonies to the North.† The invention of the cotton gin by Eli Whitney in 1793 provided a demand for cotton thus increasing the demand for slaves. By the 1800’s slavery was an institution throughout the South, an institution in which slaves had few rights, and could be sold or leased by their owners. They lacked any voice in the government and lived a life of hardship. Considering these circumstances, the slave population never abandoned the desire for freedom or the determination to resist control by the slave owners. The slave's reaction to this desire and determination resulted in outright rebellion and individual acts of defiance. However, historians place the strongest reaction in the enlisting of blacks in the war itself. Batty in The Divided Union: The Story of the Great American War, 1861-65, concur with Foner and Mahoney about the importance of outright rebellion in their analysis of the Nat Turner Rebellion, which took place in 1831. This revolt demonstrated that not all slaves were willing to accept this â€Å"institution of slavery† passively. Foner and Mahoney note that the significance of this uprising is found in its aftermath because of the numerous reports of â€Å"insubordina...

How the use of food label and nutritional content impacts dietary Research Paper

How the use of food label and nutritional content impacts dietary preferencec among college students - Research Paper Example These diseases are caused by factors relating to poor dietary practices. Cancer and heart diseases are related to high intake of fats and low intake of fibers. As a result of disastrous effects of cancer and heart diseases, the United States and Canadian governments have come up with recommendations that will help the public to make healthy dietary choices. The for instance, The US has passed a law compelling all manufacturers to label food products, summarizing the nutrient concentrates of a food product. The research is to reveal the effects of nutritional labels have on the health of university and college students. Further, the research seeks to establish whether the labels have a notable impact among university and college students decision to purchase certain food products. The research aims at examining the frequency of usage of nutritional labels among college and university students. To eliminate the element of bias, the research aimed at assessing whether non label users are different from label users when it comes to knowledge on nutritional information, beliefs about diet diseases relationship as well as factors associated with non label users and label users’ attitudes towards nutritional labels. Many students have no control over what they take. The result of their ignorance is because in most cases the parents are the ones who set out the diet that the children will take. Additionally, some of the students are not unaware of the chronic diseases that they are exposing themselves to when they take unhealthy foods. Because most students are young, they do not recognize the long term effects poor dietary behavior. The present intake of foods high in fats, carbohydrates and proteins will have adverse effects on their health in future if the trend continues unabated. The environments that the students study in also have effects on the kinds of foods that the students take. The university and college administrations should take part in education

Did the international discontinuities that resulted from the treaties Term Paper

Did the international discontinuities that resulted from the treaties ending World War I led to World War II - Term Paper Example Later, they were joined by Bulgaria. There is no a single agreed date on which the war ended. However, many historians point to the signing of the Treaty of Versailles as the beginning of the end of the state of war, even though actual fighting had stopped several months earlier. It was after the treaty was signed that many soldiers that were serving abroad began to return to their countries. Besides the Treaty of Versailles, the ratification of several other peace treaties led to the end of the First World War. The Paris Peace Conference initiated and imposed these treaties (Trachtenberg, 2000). This paper answers the question posed in the title above in the affirmative. In order to justify this position, the Treaty of Versailles and four other treaties will be examined, and an attempt made to illustrate how they led to the Second World War. These other four treaties are the Treaties of Saint-Germain, Trianon, SÃ ¨vres and Lausanne. As the Treaty of Versailles was the most important of them all, more space will be devoted to it. The Treaty of Versailles was signed on the 28th day of June in 1919, precisely five years after Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria was assassinated. Their assassination in Sarajevo had triggered World War I on the 28th day of June in 1914. The Treaty of Versailles brought to an end the state of war that had persisted between Germany and the Allied Powers (Trachtenberg, 2000). Separate treaties dealt with the other Central Powers that were allied to Germany. The armistice ratified on the 11th day of November had ended the actual fighting. However, it took another six months of active negotiations at the Peace Conference of Paris to finalize the treaty. The Secretariat of the League of Nations incorporated the treaty on October 21, 1919 and printed it in the League of Nations Treaty Series. The Treaty of Versailles had many provisions. However, the single most important and most controversial

Exploring The Resources And Capabilities Of Dell

Exploring The Resources And Capabilities Of Dell This essay will be based on Dell Inc and how the topic resources and capabilities are used as a strategy throughout the company. The topic will be explored to identify how it applies to Dells strategy and how they use it within the company. The essay will identify the different types of strategys which are used to help them sustain competitive advantage. During the essay theoretical concepts will be used and applied to Dell in order to analyse the organisation. The theoretical concepts which will be used will be concepts from the module, these concepts will help draw conclusions from the essay and help identify why Dell continually sustain a competitive advantage. Dell was founded in 1984 by Michael Dell in his university dorm in Texas using his last $1000. With this money he created a company called PCs Limited. Within a year Michael Dell had turned his $1000 into $6 million in sales. He managed to do this by borrowing $300,000 from his family and upgrading computers for local firm from their existing software to IBM. By 1986 the company was producing sales of $60 million; this was due to dell starting their own assembly lines. 4 years later Dells sales had increased vastly to $500 million, because they had now created a wide line of products. By 1996 Dell launched their products online, this gave them $1 million in sales a day boosting their annual sales to an astonishing $5.3 billion, increasing to $7.8 billion the following year. The sales had risen 50% and tripled to making sales of $3 million a day in sales. By 2005 Dells sales had risen to $49.2 billion, showing how the company has become one of the most successful companies within rece nt times by being a fortune company while only being around for 14 years. Also during 2005 Dell was ranked 28th biggest company in America by revenue. In 2006 Dell was looked at as one of the most admired companies in America. Their sales for 2009 were $61.1 billion, simply showing why they were nominated a top 200 fortune. They are the highest earning company within the computer industry. Dell employs over 75,000 employees across the world, due to having to serve customers in over 170 countries. Dell took over as leaders in their market from their biggest and most successful competitors Hewlett Packard, whilst also staying ahead of rivals such as IBM and Apple computers who are the only other alternative substitute for a PC. Dell now offer a range of products and services, including computing software, computing systems, computing peripherals, consulting and IT services. Dell have gone a long way from upgrading computers for local businesses to offering products such as televisions , printers, peripherals, netbooks, notebooks, servers, scanners and their main product computers. In 2007 Michael Dell returned to the company as a CEO to help improve its financial performance by bringing new plans in for the company. Key Success Factors In the ever maturing PC industry it is very important for any company wishing to be competitive to meet the industries key success factors (KSF). In order to succeed, certain KSFs must be incorporated into their business model. Specific KSF include: Competitive prices Excellent relationships with suppliers Product customisation Excellent customer services Superior cost structure Dell has continued to perform well, through incorporating many of these factors into their business model. Dells customer centric approach with a closely managed supply chain and cash flow process has seen them succeed in the mature PC industry. Key Competencies Customer focus- Dell has a thorough understanding of their consumers needs and wants and it serves them very effectively. The custom build business model that Dell adopts accommodates the ever changing needs and wants of consumers. This model is very effective as it allows Dell to offer the latest technologies at competitive prices in a timely manner. This is exactly what customers demand in a hyper competitive market. Manufacturing Processes- Dell benefited greatly from the first mover advantage, through adopting the direct selling business model which was unique to the industry, aided by the boom of the internet. Supply Chain Management- The direct selling business model employed by Dell is run by an i2 technology supply chain management (SCM) system. Every 20 sec the software aggregates orders, analyzes material requirements, compares Dells on-hand inventory with its suppliers inventory and then creates a supplier bill of material to meet its order needs. SCM is particularly important as improving it by 0.1% has greater impact than improving manufacturing process by 10%. This system allowed Dell to go beyond a simple value chain model, into a more complex value web model. Customer Selection, Acquisition and Retention- Dell also employ a state of the art IT and customer relationship management (CRM) system. Through efficiently targeting customers they are able to keep costs to a minimum which suit consumers budgets. Consumers are very price sensitive in the PC industry as there are many substitutes. Customer Service- Dell offers a complete range of services, including, technical support through internet and global call centres. For additional fees Dell offers extended service and support plans. Dells customer service was considered to be the best in the industry. However after recently outsourcing this, their reputation is beginning to fall, after repeated poor treatment of cases. Porters value chain By identifying Dells value chain and network it will allow us to identify how Dell value their customers and how it is created. FIRM INFRASTRUCTURE Dell has a very strong and organised stock management. Dell sells straight thought their website cutting out intermediaries. They sell thought a direct model. Dell receives payments normally immediately as customers generally use credit cards online. Once the orders have been placed and paid the customers products are order from the suppliers, this is so dell only have stock in which is being used to build products from orders they have received reducing excess stock. OPERATIONS Dell deal with a few operations, they deal with the most important one in their opinion, being the final configuration of customer products. Dell outsources operations such as the assemblies of motherboards and most of the production chain for all of their notebook computers. INBOUND LOGISTICS As dell allows customers to build their own products and order the products when needed using just in time, it allows deal not to buy an overload of stock they just pay for what they need from the order made. Dells direct model in which they sell their products to their consumers they depend on time management, so that all the components they need arrive at the time they are need to produce the product for their customers. MARKETING SALES Dell using the direct selling model it has taken out all intermediaries. Normally the intermediaries would want to take about 20 to 30%. Dell managed to cut out intermediaries as they align their value chain and supply chain very closely, and also their assembly factories and order taking systems. Dell has incorporated their direct selling model with their supply chain. Dell put together 80,000 PCs daily, but they do not own their own warehouse as they only order components they need to assemble products within a few days as they only hold stock for a maximum of two days. TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Dell spend a tiny amount on technology research compared to their biggest rivals HP. Dell spend around $400 million which is a small margin of HPs $4 billion. Yet Dell has near perfect assembly chain along with very efficient assembly operations. Dell have a unique way to identify if an employee is a fault for a product as a single product is made by a single employee making them accountable if it faulty. Value Web Model Dell moved beyond the simple value chain into a more effective value web organism. This positively impacted Dells just-in-time manufacturing and the inventory management systems. Dell relies on big players to provide their high-tech components. E.g. Microprocessors-Intel, Software- Microsoft. Dell rely on smaller multiple players to provide low-tech components. These low-tech, low- differentiation component manufacturers compete fiercely on price and availability. Dell Has one of the latest SCM systems, which is unmatched by competitors. This system enables Dells factories to have only 7 hours worth of inventory, whereas most of the industry holds a 10 day inventory. It also helps that 85% of all their supplies are provided by 15 suppliers. This value web organism has been achieved through careful knowledge management and 15 years of learning. It is a very complex system, and due to this it is inimitable. Dells Direct Business Model Unlike their competitors, Dell has adopted a direct selling approach to customers compared to all of their competitors. Dell have cut out all intermediaries meaning customers order straight thought their website, this allows Dell to sell directly to them. Due to customer buying straight from Dell it has given them a great understanding of customer needs. Dells main focus is on their customers which their strategy is based around. The Direct business model also allows customers to customize their products letting them have what they desire rather than a standard product. As customer order a want they want product, it allowed Dell to minimize their stock, as they will order only what they need adopting JIT strategy. This also allows Dell to deliver the newest technology to their customers sustain an edge on their competitors. Dells Direct Model Customers SUPPLIERS Competitors Model Dells competitors model has 2 extra sections, outsourcing and channels. This produces extra cost and it doesnt allow them to have complete customer focus as they dont deal directly with their customers. Their customer buy from channels which are shops taking away customer relation with the company. They also dont get supplies directly from their suppliers as they outsource 1st to other companies. Dells model is a far better strategy and it allows them to have a great focus on their customers. They use their resources and capabilities such as their great product lines to achieve the efficiencies they want to produce. Activity Mapping Through conducting detailed research into Dell, a number of conclusions can be drawn. At the core of Dells business strategy and its direct selling model is customer focus. Dells core competencies were developed around their customer centric approach, and its resources and capabilities were placed in a way to best serve their customers. This customer centric approach has enabled them to develop more competencies, including, manufacturing processes, supply chain management, customer selection and service. Within the hyper competitive PC industry it is imperative that companies provide the latest technology in a timely manner. Dell achieved this through adopting the kaizan approach to its supply chain. To compliment the increased efficiencies of the supply chain Dell also improved their manufacturing processes. A key advantage for Dell is that they have one of the best SCM systems in the world. This is complimented by the fact that 95% of their suppliers are located near to their assem bly plants making coordination easier. Holding only a 7 hour inventory, instead of the industries norm of around 10 days is another advantage. Holding such a short inventory means they do not have socks of slow selling products leading to poor cash flow. Dell aim to deliver the custom product within 36 hours of an order being placed, which competitors just cant match. Dell constantly operates with a negative cash flow conversion cycle as they only pay their suppliers once the customer has paid them. Building these strong relationships with suppliers has taken years and combined with Dells complex supply chain is inimitable and leads to a sustainable competitive advantage. Through the careful selection, training and retention of its workforce that could develop and evolve as Dell grows, they were able to manage knowledge, encourage honesty, loyalty and learning over time. Through employing the best Dell become more effective in recognising, acquiring and retaining customers through providing them with their needs and wants at competitive prices and in a timely manner. Through aligning their core competencies with the industry KSFs, Dell were able to perform favourable in an ever maturing market. Dells differentiation comes from process innovation. Through capturing the value of its suppliers and partners Dell has capitalised on their technology innovation. This enabled Dell to minimise their research and development spend and improve their cost structure. This strategy has yet to match by any of their major competitors in the industry, leading to a sustainable competitive advantage. Ultimately in order to sustain competitive advantage Dell need to continue to outdo their competitors. By adopting the direct business model and adopting their customer centric approach they have achieved competitive advantage. In order to ensure the sustainability of this they need to evolve as consumer demands change. Through their direct business model and their superior relationships with suppliers they have developed core competencies which align with the industry KSFs and are also difficult for the competition to imitate. Factors which will provide sustained competitive advantage include: Online custom build of each computer. Minimisation of working capital in the production process High manufacture and distribution quality- latest technology, timely manner, competitively priced, reliable products The careful management of their resources and capabilities make all this possible.

Memory Recall History

Bibliography Cherry, Kendra. â€Å"Memory Retrieval: Retrieving Information from the Memory. † About. com Psychology. The New York Times Company, n. d. Web. 22 Sept. 2012. Holladay, April. â€Å"How Does the Human Memory Work? † USA Today. WonderQuest, 15 Mar. 2007. Web. 24 Sept. 2012. Mastin, Luke. â€Å"Memory Recall/ Retrieval. † The Human Memory. N. p. , 2009. Web. 22 Sept. 2012. Miller, Greg. â€Å"How Are Memories Stored and Retrieved. † Science Mag. AAAS, 1 July 2005. Web. 22 Sept. 2012. Mills, Kristen L. and Heather K. McMullan. â€Å"A Study of Short-Term Memory Recall with Pictures, Words, and Pictures and Words Presented Together. † National Undergraduate Research Clearinghouse Site. Missouri Western State University, 22 Apr. 2004. Web. 22 Sept. 2012. Memory Recall Memory recall occurs when you access information stored in your brain without being cued. This occurs when you are remembering simple things or taking a test. Two other types o f memory recall are recollection and recognition.Recollection is when you remember partial information. Recognition occurs when you identify information after experiencing it again (Cherry). Memories are stored into your brain using medical temporal lobes, MLT (Miller). The job of MLT is to make memories using neural activities that are created in response to the senses (Mastin). Another part of the brain that helps with memories is the hippocampus. The job of the hippocampus is to contain the new memories in the long-term or short-term memory (Holladay).One way of experimenting with memory recall was performed by Missouri Western State University. During this experiment people were given cards, some had just words, some had just pictures, and some had words and picture. These people were given a short amount of time until they were quizzed to see which group remembered what was on the card. The group that filled out the most information was the group that was given the words and pi ctures (Mills).

Marketing Plan for New Product Launch

{draw:g} {draw:frame} SUPERIOR UNIVERSITY LAHORE Project Name: Marketing Plan for new product launch Presented To: Sir Kashif* *Mahmood Group Name : The Stallionz Leader Name & Id: Imran Shoukat MBP Members Name & Id: Muhammad Arslan Dilawar MBP Abuzer Shabbir MBP Hassan Raza Muhammad Kashif Munir Company N*ame:* The Glimmers Limited. Company Logo: {draw:frame} Product Name: {draw:frame} * * * *Contents of Marketing Plan Part 1: Executive Summary Part 2: Purpose and Mission Part 3: Situational Analysis Product, Market Analysis Distribution Analysis Competitor Analysis Financial Analysis Other Analysis Part 4: Strategy and Objectives text:list-item} {text:list-item} Part 5: Tactical Programs {text:list-item} {text:list-item} {text:list-item} {text:list-item} {text:list-item} {text:list-item} Part 6: Budgets, Performance Analysis, Implementation Budgeting and Analysis Implementation Part 7: Additional Considerations Executive Summary This report explains the marketing plan for launchin g a fresh Juice named â€Å"Refresh†. This product has been made by the Glimmers Limited. And it is approved from the Ministry of health. In the very beginning of the report we have explained the mission and vision of the Glimmers and then we have further carried out our. It will be introduced in the market with the help of various promotional displays, advertisement and distribution of free samples to the general public and financial institution. This report examines that this product is initially launching in Lahore’s domestic market. The study included both primary and secondary research. The primary study focused on a survey of the competitors and the likings and disliking of people. Through this strategy company can penetrate more into the market and can attract the bulk of customers. For this purpose we have conducted SWOT analysis of the company to see the company’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Then we have explained the purposes, benefits and objectives of our product. Then we have made a marketing mix strategy for our product. We have divided market into different segments and decided to target the kids, youngster mature and old age person. We have also paid special attention to the packaging, color and price of the product. We have decided to place the product in all the markets of Punjab especially in the canteens of colleges and universities. We will promote our product through electronic media, print media, cable, and outdoor sources. We shall also conducted a market survey in future to know the opinion of public about our product and developed our product accordingly. Introduction to the Glimmers Limited Company’s Vision Statement: â€Å"Be the global leader in customer value†. Company’s Mission Statement: â€Å"To set world class standards in the Juice industry through providing a diverse range of high quality Juice products that are prepared in accordance with Islamic principles striving to satisfy consumers tastes and needs and serving the Society† The Glimmer’s Business in Lahore The Glimmers will commence its operation in Lahore from October 2010. The factory facility has been founded on a 20 canal area of land in the Industrial area, Ferozepur Road Lahore. The factory is expected to match the demand of our products. We have ensured the installation of modern, sophisticated and efficient equipment, conforming to the very latest standards of â€Å"Goods Manufacturing Practices†. Introduction to Refresh People started too perished under the scorching heat of summer in our country. They need an energy drink to refresh themselves. Refresh is a fresh juice product. It provides energy and keeps people fresh when they are felt weak or tired from doing a lot of work. It contains vitamins and proteins which is a useful energy source. Vitamins give freshness and proteins are the energy cells that recharge the human body so that they work at their maximum. The students, employees and workers become tired due to the work burden and sunlight which make them feel loose. They need an energy drink that makes them re-energize so they may be able to perform better again and feel refresh. * Slogan*: â€Å"The taste u desire† Ingredients are: {text:list-item} Objectives: To increase 25% market share {text:list-item} {text:list-item} {text:list-item} {text:list-item} Current Market Situation Refresh is a fresh juice product that is going to introduce in the Lahore domestic market. We are focusing to all levels of generation. The kids, youths, mature and olds and overall families The prices of the refresh are moderate, because it is for everyone in the society. Market Demographics: The customer of the Refresh consists of following: Geographic’s: The refresh geographic target area is currently Lahore. We are supplying our product to all area of the Lahore. We have further divided the areas of Lahore into 4 zones. A zone includes Gulberg, M. M Alam road, Defence B zone includes upper Mall, Wahdat road, model town C zone includes lower mall, Allama Iqbal Town, Sabzazar Scheme D zone includes Multan road , Sakeem mor, Allama Iqbal town {draw:frame} b. Demographics: There is an almost equal ratio between male and female and also kids. We are focusing: Kids Youngsters Mature Old age persons Our Competitors The Refresh is currently facing a very competitive environment. Because the competitors of the Refresh are:- Shezan Country Nestle Sunfresh Benz Product Review: The Refresh is available in 250ml size and available in different Flavors like: Mango Apple Pineapple Orange Mix-fruit Competitive Review â€Å"Refresh† Competitors: The competitors of â€Å"Refresh† juice are more than 10. NESTLE & SHEZAN is leading market right now and other companies are far away from it. NESTLE & SHEZAN has loyal customers over the years because it is very old company and customers are aware of its merits & demerits. The company’s first purpose is to compete NESTLE and other juices which have large market share. The main competitors are {draw:frame} & {draw:frame} {draw:frame} Product: Shezan juice is a product by Shezan International Ltd. Qualities of Shezan: High availability Large range of flavors Standardized and attractive packing Large promotion and market coverage Available in Various weights packing. Price: Minimum price of juice is 12 R. s Place: Shezan has a large market share in Pakistan. Sales: Promotion: They promote this product through Electronic media Print Media FM Radio stations Wall Chalking {draw:frame} {draw:frame} Product: Nestle beverages is a product by Nestle International. Qualities of Nestle: Large promotion and market coverage Large range of flavors High availability Price: Minimum price of juice is 20 R. s Promotion: They promote this product through a. Electronic media b. Print Media c. FM Radio stations Place: Nestle has a large market share in Pakistan. All calculations based on non-rounded figures Strategy: Creating shared value global forum Good pricing Better Quality By offering different flavors Intensive distribution Attractive packing SWOT Analysis of Glimmers {draw:frame} Strengths: Updated technology plant Quality product Specialists available for specialized jobs and tasks Hire experienced staff Medical insurance of employees Pakistani made Targeted to low and middle class people. Reasonable price Expiry date above 6 months Weakness New in juice industry Small distribution network Strong competitor No market share Limited experience of customers Opportunities Increase the distribution network. Acquiring the newer technology & techniques. Market is very big & attractive. Take-over of the distributor Increased demand of high quality products due to Lahore being a developed city. Threats Political instability New entrance from the exiting competitors So many competitors Retaining consumers Economic instability. Increases of general sales tax Development of plant Marketing Strategy and Objectives The market strategy is based on positioning of the product in the mind of consumers. Providing high quality Juice to the customers. We will distribute our product on mass level so that we can maximize the profitability. Positioning Strategies: We want to put an image of our product in the consumers mind as compare to competitor’s product. We want to target the high school, college and graduate students and government sectors that have to work hard and need to â€Å"Refresh† them in an instant. *2. * Segmentation: * We made the market segmentation on the following basis: Density Age Gender Income Family size Family life cycle Occupation Education Social classes Life style 3. Targeting: We will target the following customers: Kids Youngsters Mature Old age persons Marketing Mix: Product Price Promotion Place Product Strategy: Develop the long-term relationship with the customers Give val ues to the customers to delighting them Do whatever it takes not to satisfy the customers but retain our customers In order to accomplish this objective, the company has established sales, marketing and support teams. Product variety: Our product would be available in the following flavors:- Mango Apple Orange Grapes Mix-fruit Brand name: The name which we have chosen for our product is *â€Å"Refresh*† {draw:frame} Quality: High quality assurance would be our first priority. This would be ensured by: Implementing high quality standards Total quality management Acquisition of the high quality raw materials Design: â€Å"Refresh† is a sweet, refreshing Juice with an eye catching Tetra hedral pack. *Features*: Here are of the some features of our product: Fresh original fruit juice Provides proteins and minerals Provides vitamins Beneficial for kidneys Excellent in taste Gives freshness Tetra Pack protection packing Packaging: Product units are packed in 6-layered Tetra Pack Brick Aseptic. Sizes: Our product is available in 250 ml pack. Pricing Strategies: Our pricing strategies for the product are for total cost, which include custom services and other expenses. Pricing strategy usually change as the product passes through its life cycle. The price should be set at moderate level in order to attract a large number of buyers and to gain large market share. Amounts are in Pak Rupees. The total per unit price for 250ml packs that we will offer as follows: The cost of fruits Rs. 3 Electricity Rs. 2 Factory Overhead Rs. 3 Miscellaneous Rs. 2 Retailer Margin Rs. 2 Profit Rs. 3 Total Price Rs. 15 In accordance to our strategy we have decided to offer the product to customers at the price of Rs. 15. The price is very much compatible and the offer is substantial enough to attract a large percentage of market in a very quick time. Price and Quality Grid: This grid shows what pricing strategy a firm is perusing:- {draw:rect} {draw:custom-shape} According to this grid we are offering high quality at low price. So we are following penetration strategy. Communication Strategies: Promotion: Actually the promotion is a first step when we are launching a new product, but we make its strategies in last. We want to make a good image in the mind of customers, so that they will buy only our products. Criteria for Promotion: In promotion our main objective is to provide: Awareness Knowledge Liking Preference Purchasing Main Sources of Promotion: Electronic Media Print Media Cabel network Billboards Hoardings Electronic Media: Print Media: Billboards: Hoardings: Cabel Network Benefits: Following are the additional benefits which are offered to the customers to give them Value: Give 5 rappers and get one free juice pack Purchase ten juice packs and get one pack free. If you purchase a small crate of juice then you will able to participate in lucky draw and you can win following prizes: Samsung FM Guru DVD system Rs. 5000 Place: Distributors Review To assure the availability of its product â€Å"Refresh† juice has established effective network of registered dealers. The main target of these juices is Lahore. draw:g} The end consumer would then purchase â€Å"Refresh† from the retailer. The distributor are the most reliable distributors in the region. They enjoy a flawless reputation combined with business relations with numerous retailers even in the rural areas of Lahore and near sides. This has ensured that â€Å"Refresh† will be made available all over Lahore. Budgeting: Controls: This is the main and last element of the marketing planning by using this we can check our product standard by comparing It with our standards if there is any problem arrive in marketing plan the it must be corrected. Three main functions are performed under this element of planning that is: Measuring Comparing Correcting Measuring: We can check our marketing condition through measuring in which different types of tasks may be performed like Surveys Survey *for* *The* Future: In order to learn weather people would like to buy or use our product, we have decided to conduct a market survey in future so that we can assure that people likes our product or not. Comparing: In controlling process we compare our product with our standards Correcting: If any problem occurs then correcting process will take place in which we found that from where the problem will arises. Marketing Organization: Refresh’s chief marketing officer, holds overall responsibility for all of the company’s marketing activities. There are other subordinates with him to help the sales campaigns, trade and consumer sales promotions, and public relations efforts. Action Programs: The â€Å"REFRESH† will be introduced in May. Following are summaries of the action programs we will use during this summer session to achieve our stated objectives. May We will initiate 80,00,000 rupees trade sales promotion campaign to educate dealers and generate excitement for the product launch, and provide sample crates to our selected product reviewers, opinion leaders and celebrities as part of our public relation strategy. June We will start an integrated print/displays/television campaign. The campaign will show how many features the â€Å"REFRESH† have for users to reenergize them. July As the juice advertisement continues, we will add consumer sales promotion by including them to our messages. We will also support or retailer to increase our sales. August _ _We plan to roll out a new advertisement having new views of customers through survey who have used our drink which will help to promote our juice. Story Board References: Philip Kotler* * * * (Principle Of Marketing) Journal of Marketing Journal of Advertisement Websites: www. mickinsey. com www. wikipedia. com *www. Nestle. Com* www. Angrofoods. com www. shezan. com www. marketing. com

10 Intriguing Facts About the Triceratops